现有组件功能与Amesim组件比较对齐，补全功能；仿真服务启动环境检测，旧版json工程文件适配读取

frontend/tests/e2e/component-symbols.spec.ts

@@ -4119,7 +4119,7 @@ test("当前工程按组件目录刷新图标且保持保存位置", async ({ pa
     )
     .toEqual({
       position: { x: 200, y: 160 },
-      version: 1,
+      version: 2,
       hasNodeSize: false,
     });
 

frontend/tests/e2e/fit-view.spec.ts

@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ test("恢复自动保存工程后自动适配建模画布", async ({ page }) =>
   }, wideProject);
 
   await page.goto("/");
-  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复" }).click();
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复", exact: true }).click();
 
   await expectAllNodesInsideCanvas(page, ".flow-canvas");
   const consolePanel = page.getByRole("complementary", {

frontend/tests/e2e/modeling-actions.spec.ts

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ test("未知图形元件使用带端口和名称的默认节点且拖入动作
   await expect(page.locator(".properties")).not.toContainText("仿真结果");
 });
 
-test("XML 导出拒绝目录未定义的组件参数", async ({ page }) => {
+test("新版存档拒绝目录未定义的参数，保留当前有效工程及 XML", async ({ page }) => {
   await page.goto("/");
   await page
     .getByRole("button", { name: /通用测试元件/ })
@@ -105,9 +105,10 @@ test("XML 导出拒绝目录未定义的组件参数", async ({ page }) => {
     name: "仿真控制台",
     exact: true,
   });
-  await expect(consolePanel).toContainText("XML 生成失败");
-  await expect(consolePanel).toContainText("目录未定义的参数：typoGain");
-  await expect(consolePanel.getByLabel("生成的系统 XML")).toHaveCount(0);
+  await expect(consolePanel).toContainText("加载失败");
+  await expect(consolePanel).toContainText("未知参数 typoGain");
+  await expect(consolePanel.getByLabel("生成的系统 XML")).toContainText('<Parameter name="gain" value="1"');
+  await expect(consolePanel.getByLabel("生成的系统 XML")).not.toContainText("typoGain");
 });
 
 test("XML 参数使用可往返的双精度文本", async ({ page }) => {

frontend/tests/e2e/parameter-table.spec.ts

@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ test("MECMAS21 当前参数编码由工程版本统一并写入 XML", async ({
       }),
   );
   expect(savedContracts).toContainEqual({
-    projectSchemaVersion: 1,
+    projectSchemaVersion: 2,
     modelVersion: "0.2.0",
   });
 
@@ -883,7 +883,7 @@ test("MECMAS21 旧的 0/1 编码不转换并阻止执行", async ({
   await expect(consolePanel).toContainText("模型检查发现");
 });
 
-test("缺失模型版本保留来源并补当前默认值，生成 XML 只警告", async ({
+test("缺失模型版本加载时警告并补默认值，保存时升级当前版本", async ({
   page,
 }) => {
   await page.goto("/");
@@ -926,7 +926,7 @@ test("缺失模型版本保留来源并补当前默认值，生成 XML 只警告
   await expect(node.locator('[data-model-contract-compatible="true"]')).toBeVisible();
   await expect(node.getByLabel(/模型合同不兼容/)).toHaveCount(0);
   await page.getByRole("button", { name: "保存工程", exact: true }).click();
-  const persistedWithoutDefaults = await page.evaluate(() => {
+  const persistedWithCurrentVersion = await page.evaluate(() => {
     const key = Object.keys(window.localStorage).find((candidate) =>
       candidate.startsWith("system-simulation-flow:project:"),
     );
@@ -948,12 +948,12 @@ test("缺失模型版本保留来源并补当前默认值，生成 XML 只警告
     )?.data;
     return Boolean(
       data &&
-        data.modelVersion === undefined &&
+        data.modelVersion === "0.2.0" &&
         data.parameters &&
         ("strib" in data.parameters),
     );
   });
-  expect(persistedWithoutDefaults).toBe(true);
+  expect(persistedWithCurrentVersion).toBe(true);
 
   const consolePanel = page.getByRole("complementary", {
     name: "仿真控制台",

frontend/tests/e2e/pnch012-parameters.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+import { expect, test } from "@playwright/test";
+import { componentCatalog, expandSimulationConsole, prepareApp, wideProject } from "./fixtures";
+
+const extraInputs = ["vol1", "vol2", "vol3", "vol4", "dvol1", "dvol2", "dvol3", "dvol4"];
+const chamber = {
+  type: "amesim_pnch012", modelType: "amesim_pnch012", modelVersion: "0.1.0",
+  label: "PNCH012 变容气室", symbol: "amesim_pnch012", order: 99,
+  category: { id: "storage", label: "储能元件", order: 20 },
+  ports: Array.from({ length: 4 }, (_, index) => ({ ...wideProject.nodes[0].data.ports[index % 2],
+    name: `port_${index + 1}`, order: index })),
+  parameters: [
+    { name: "gi", label: "气体类型索引", default: 1, quantity: "dimensionless", unit: "" },
+    { name: "cvol0", label: "死容积", default: 0.015, quantity: "volume", unit: "m3" },
+    { name: "kth", label: "换热系数", default: 0, quantity: "heat_transfer_coefficient", unit: "W/(m2*K)" },
+    { name: "sth", label: "换热面积", default: 0.1, quantity: "area", unit: "m2" },
+    { name: "extemp", label: "外部温度", default: 293.15, quantity: "temperature", unit: "K" },
+    { name: "p0", label: "初始压力", default: 100000, quantity: "pressure", unit: "Pa" },
+    { name: "T0", label: "初始温度", default: 293.15, quantity: "temperature", unit: "K" },
+    ...extraInputs.map(name => ({ name, label: `端口 ${name.at(-1)} ${name.startsWith("d") ? "容积变化率" : "外部容积"}`,
+      default: 0, quantity: name.startsWith("d") ? "volume_flow" : "volume", unit: name.startsWith("d") ? "m3/s" : "m3" })),
+  ],
+};
+
+test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+  await prepareApp(page);
+  await page.route("**/api/components/catalog", route => route.fulfill({ json: {
+    ...componentCatalog, libraries: [{ ...componentCatalog.libraries[1], components: [chamber] }],
+  } }));
+  await page.goto("/");
+  await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: chamber.label, exact: true })).toBeVisible();
+});
+
+test("PNCH012 新元件仅展示 Amesim 设置，端口容积输入默认仍为零", async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: chamber.label, exact: true }).dragTo(page.locator(".flow-canvas .react-flow__pane"));
+  const table = page.getByRole("table", { name: "组件参数", exact: true });
+  for (const parameter of chamber.parameters.slice(0, 7)) {
+    await expect(table.getByRole("rowheader", { name: parameter.label, exact: true })).toBeVisible();
+  }
+  for (const parameter of chamber.parameters.slice(7)) {
+    await expect(table.getByRole("rowheader", { name: parameter.label, exact: true })).toHaveCount(0);
+  }
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "保存工程", exact: true }).click();
+  const parameters = await page.evaluate(() => JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("system-simulation-flow:autosave")!).nodes[0].data.parameters);
+  for (const name of extraInputs) expect(parameters[name]).toBe(0);
+});
+
+test("隐藏端口输入不清除旧工程的非零值或表达式，保存导出及 XML 保持原值", async ({ page }) => {
+  const parameters = { ...Object.fromEntries(chamber.parameters.map(parameter => [parameter.name, parameter.default])),
+    vol1: 0.00123, vol2: "2*0.0001", dvol1: 0.0000042 };
+  const node = { ...wideProject.nodes[0], id: "chamber_1", data: { ...wideProject.nodes[0].data,
+    componentType: chamber.type, modelType: chamber.modelType, modelVersion: chamber.modelVersion,
+    ports: chamber.ports, parameters,
+    parameterUnits: Object.fromEntries(chamber.parameters.map(parameter => [parameter.name, parameter.unit])),
+  } };
+  await page.locator('input[type="file"]').setInputFiles({ name: "old-chamber.json", mimeType: "application/json",
+    buffer: Buffer.from(JSON.stringify({ ...wideProject, nodes: [node], edges: [] })) });
+  await page.locator('.flow-canvas .react-flow__node[data-id="chamber_1"]').click();
+  for (const parameter of chamber.parameters.slice(7)) {
+    await expect(page.getByRole("table", { name: "组件参数", exact: true }).getByRole("rowheader", { name: parameter.label, exact: true })).toHaveCount(0);
+  }
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "保存工程", exact: true }).click();
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "加载工程", exact: true }).click();
+  const downloadPromise = page.waitForEvent("download");
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "导出工程 JSON", exact: true }).click();
+  const stream = await (await downloadPromise).createReadStream();
+  if (!stream) throw new Error("没有导出的工程");
+  const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
+  for await (const chunk of stream) chunks.push(Buffer.from(chunk));
+  expect(JSON.parse(Buffer.concat(chunks).toString()).nodes[0].data.parameters).toEqual(parameters);
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "生成系统 XML", exact: true }).click();
+  await expandSimulationConsole(page);
+  const xml = page.getByLabel("生成的系统 XML").last();
+  await expect(xml).toContainText('name="vol1" value="0.00123"');
+  await expect(xml).toContainText('name="vol2" value="0.0002"');
+  await expect(xml).toContainText('name="dvol1" value="0.0000042"');
+});

frontend/tests/e2e/project-initial-viewport.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import { test, expect } from "@playwright/test";
+import { prepareApp, wideProject } from "./fixtures";
+
+for (const action of ["import", "load", "recover"] as const) {
+  test(`${action}: first painted project is already fitted, including replacement with identical node IDs`, async ({ page }) => {
+    await prepareApp(page);
+    await page.goto("/");
+    await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: /通用测试元件/ })).toBeVisible();
+    const old = { ...wideProject, nodes: wideProject.nodes.map((node, index) => ({
+      ...node, position: { x: index * 70, y: 0 },
+    })) };
+    if (action !== "recover") {
+      await page.locator('input[type="file"]').setInputFiles({ name: "old.json", mimeType: "application/json",
+        buffer: Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(old)) });
+      await expect(page.locator(".flow-canvas")).not.toHaveClass(/is-fitting-project/);
+    }
+    await page.evaluate(({ project, action }) => {
+      const key = action === "recover" ? "system-simulation-flow:autosave" : "system-simulation-flow:project:target";
+      localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(project));
+    }, { project: wideProject, action });
+    if (action === "recover") {
+      await page.reload();
+      await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复草稿", exact: true })).toBeEnabled();
+    }
+    if (action === "load") await page.getByRole("textbox", { name: "工程", exact: true }).fill("target");
+
+    // Frame sampling, not just final bounds: detect even a single visible frame
+    // with the incoming wide graph rendered at the previous/default scale.
+    await page.evaluate(() => {
+      const samples: Array<{ opacity: number; fits: boolean; transform: string }> = [];
+      Object.assign(window, { projectPaintSamples: samples, projectPaintDone: false });
+      const sample = () => {
+        const canvas = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".flow-canvas")!;
+        const viewport = canvas.querySelector<HTMLElement>(".react-flow__viewport")!;
+        const nodes = [...canvas.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>(".react-flow__node")];
+        // The last incoming node is positioned far away, unlike the old compact graph.
+        const incoming = nodes.find(node => node.dataset.id === "generic_sensor_4");
+        if (incoming && incoming.style.transform.includes("1860")) {
+          const bounds = canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
+          samples.push({ opacity: Number(getComputedStyle(viewport).opacity),
+            transform: getComputedStyle(viewport).transform,
+            fits: nodes.every(node => {
+              const rect = node.getBoundingClientRect();
+              return rect.left >= bounds.left - 1 && rect.right <= bounds.right + 1 &&
+                rect.top >= bounds.top - 1 && rect.bottom <= bounds.bottom + 1;
+            }),
+          });
+        }
+        if (!(window as unknown as { projectPaintDone: boolean }).projectPaintDone) requestAnimationFrame(sample);
+      };
+      requestAnimationFrame(sample);
+    });
+    if (action === "import") {
+      await page.locator('input[type="file"]').setInputFiles({ name: "target.json", mimeType: "application/json",
+        buffer: Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(wideProject)) });
+    } else {
+      await page.getByRole("button", { name: action === "load" ? "加载工程" : "恢复草稿", exact: true }).click();
+    }
+    await expect(page.locator(".flow-canvas")).not.toHaveClass(/is-fitting-project/);
+    const samples = await page.evaluate(async () => {
+      for (let frame = 0; frame < 12; frame++) await new Promise<void>(resolve => requestAnimationFrame(() => resolve()));
+      const state = window as unknown as { projectPaintDone: boolean;
+        projectPaintSamples: Array<{ opacity: number; fits: boolean; transform: string }> };
+      state.projectPaintDone = true;
+      return state.projectPaintSamples;
+    });
+    const visible = samples.filter(sample => sample.opacity > 0);
+    expect(visible.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    expect(visible.every(sample => sample.fits), JSON.stringify(samples)).toBe(true);
+    expect(new Set(visible.map(sample => sample.transform)).size).toBe(1);
+  });
+}

frontend/tests/e2e/project-persistence.spec.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { expect, test, type Page } from "@playwright/test";
-import { prepareApp, wideProject } from "./fixtures";
+import { expandSimulationConsole, prepareApp, wideProject } from "./fixtures";
 
 const projectNameField = (page: Page) =>
   page.getByRole("textbox", { name: "工程", exact: true });
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ test("外部重命名的工程 JSON 导入后名称一致，保存和刷新后
     );
     return raw ? JSON.parse(raw) : null;
   }, renamedProject);
-  expect(saved).toMatchObject({ name: renamedProject });
+  expect(saved).toMatchObject({ name: renamedProject, projectSchemaVersion: 2 });
   expect(saved.nodes).toHaveLength(wideProject.nodes.length);
 
   await deleteFirstNode(page);
@@ -93,6 +93,156 @@ test("外部重命名的工程 JSON 导入后名称一致，保存和刷新后
   await expect(projectNameField(page)).toHaveValue(renamedProject);
 });
 
+for (const pressure of [2.5, "1+1.5"]) {
+  test(`v2 浏览器保存、加载及草稿恢复不重复提示或换算：${pressure}`, async ({ page }) => {
+    const project = { ...wideProject, projectSchemaVersion: 2, name: "unit-roundtrip", edges: [],
+      nodes: [{ ...wideProject.nodes[0], id: "pressure_1", data: {
+        ...wideProject.nodes[0].data, label: "pressure_1", componentType: "amesim_pneumatic_test",
+        modelType: "amesim_pneumatic_test", parameters: {
+          gi: 0, reference_pressure: pressure, reference_temperature: 20,
+        }, parameterUnits: { reference_pressure: "bar", reference_temperature: "degC" },
+      } }],
+    };
+    await page.locator('input[type="file"]').setInputFiles({ name: "unit-roundtrip.json",
+      mimeType: "application/json", buffer: Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(project)) });
+    await expect(page.locator(".flow-canvas .react-flow__node")).toHaveCount(1);
+    await expandSimulationConsole(page);
+    const consolePanel = page.getByRole("complementary", { name: "仿真控制台", exact: true });
+    const readSaved = () => page.evaluate(() => JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("system-simulation-flow:autosave") || "null"));
+    await expect.poll(async () => (await readSaved())?.projectSchemaVersion).toBe(2);
+    for (let iteration = 0; iteration < 3; iteration++) {
+      await page.getByRole("button", { name: "保存工程", exact: true }).click();
+      const saved = await readSaved();
+      expect(saved.nodes[0].data.parameters.reference_pressure).toBe(pressure);
+      expect(saved.nodes[0].data.parameters.reference_temperature).toBe(20);
+      const exported = await exportProject(page);
+      expect(exported.project).toEqual(saved);
+      await page.getByRole("button", { name: "加载工程", exact: true }).click();
+      await expect(consolePanel).not.toContainText("已按旧工程规则读取参数");
+    }
+    await page.reload();
+    await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: /通用测试元件/ })).toBeVisible();
+    await page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复", exact: true }).click();
+    await expandSimulationConsole(page);
+    await expect(consolePanel).not.toContainText("已按旧工程规则读取参数");
+    await page.getByRole("button", { name: "生成系统 XML", exact: true }).click();
+    await expect(page.getByLabel("生成的系统 XML").last()).toContainText('name="reference_pressure" value="250000"');
+    await expect(page.getByLabel("生成的系统 XML").last()).toContainText('name="reference_temperature" value="293.15"');
+  });
+}
+
+test("草稿提示空闲淡出、交互暂停，精简按钮直接恢复且不删除存档", async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.evaluate(project => localStorage.setItem("system-simulation-flow:autosave", JSON.stringify(project)), wideProject);
+  await page.clock.install();
+  await page.reload();
+  const banner = page.locator(".recovery-banner");
+  await expect(banner).toBeVisible();
+  await banner.hover();
+  await page.clock.runFor(6000);
+  await expect(banner).toBeVisible();
+  await page.mouse.move(0, 0);
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复", exact: true }).focus();
+  await page.clock.runFor(6000);
+  await expect(banner).toBeVisible();
+  await projectNameField(page).focus();
+  await page.clock.runFor(5100);
+  await expect(banner).toHaveClass(/is-fading/);
+  await page.clock.runFor(200);
+  await expect(banner).toHaveCount(0);
+  expect(await page.evaluate(() => JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("system-simulation-flow:pending-recovery")!).nodes.length)).toBe(4);
+  await expect(page.locator(".save-indicator")).toHaveCount(0);
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复草稿", exact: true }).click();
+  await expect(page.locator(".flow-canvas .react-flow__node")).toHaveCount(4);
+  await expect(banner).toHaveCount(0);
+  await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复草稿", exact: true })).toBeDisabled();
+});
+
+test("草稿提示立即让位于粘贴提示，结束粘贴后不自动弹回", async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.evaluate(project => localStorage.setItem("system-simulation-flow:autosave", JSON.stringify(project)), wideProject);
+  await page.reload();
+  await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: /通用测试元件/ })).toBeVisible();
+  await page.locator(".recovery-banner").hover();
+  await page.locator('input[type="file"]').setInputFiles({ name: "other.json",
+    mimeType: "application/json", buffer: Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(wideProject)) });
+  await page.locator('.flow-canvas .react-flow__node[data-id="generic_sensor_1"]').click();
+  await page.keyboard.press("Control+c");
+  await page.keyboard.press("Control+v");
+  await expect(page.locator(".pending-paste-hint")).toBeVisible();
+  await expect(page.locator(".recovery-banner")).toHaveCount(0);
+  await page.keyboard.press("Escape");
+  await expect(page.locator(".recovery-banner")).toHaveCount(0);
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复草稿", exact: true }).click();
+  await expect(page.locator(".recovery-banner")).toHaveCount(0);
+  await expect(projectNameField(page)).toHaveValue(wideProject.name);
+  await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复草稿", exact: true })).toBeDisabled();
+});
+
+test("未恢复旧草稿也正常自动保存，控制台每 30 秒汇总成功消息且空闲不刷屏", async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.evaluate(project => localStorage.setItem("system-simulation-flow:autosave", JSON.stringify(project)), wideProject);
+  await page.clock.install();
+  await page.reload();
+  await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: /通用测试元件/ })).toBeVisible();
+  await page.locator('input[type="file"]').setInputFiles({ name: "current-work.json",
+    mimeType: "application/json", buffer: Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(wideProject)) });
+  await expandSimulationConsole(page);
+  await page.clock.runFor(1000);
+  const stored = await page.evaluate(() => ({
+    current: JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("system-simulation-flow:autosave")!),
+    recovery: JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("system-simulation-flow:pending-recovery")!),
+  }));
+  expect(stored.current).toMatchObject({ projectSchemaVersion: 2, name: "current-work" });
+  expect(stored.recovery).toEqual(wideProject);
+  await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复草稿", exact: true })).toBeEnabled();
+  await expect(page.locator(".save-indicator")).toHaveCount(0);
+  expect(await projectNameField(page).evaluate(input => input.getBoundingClientRect().width)).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(240);
+  const notices = page.locator(".simulation-console-dock-entry-message").filter({ hasText: "工程已自动保存：" });
+  await expect(notices).toHaveCount(0);
+  await page.clock.runFor(30_000);
+  await expect(notices).toHaveCount(1);
+  await expect(notices.last()).toContainText("current-work");
+  await page.clock.runFor(30_000);
+  await expect(notices).toHaveCount(1);
+  await projectNameField(page).fill("changed-work");
+  await page.clock.runFor(31_000);
+  await expect(notices).toHaveCount(2);
+  await expect(notices.last()).toContainText("changed-work");
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复草稿", exact: true }).click();
+  await expect(projectNameField(page)).toHaveValue(wideProject.name);
+  expect(await page.evaluate(() => localStorage.getItem("system-simulation-flow:pending-recovery"))).toBeNull();
+});
+
+test("旧草稿未处理时编辑并刷新，下次恢复最近的自动保存而非旧副本", async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.evaluate(project => localStorage.setItem("system-simulation-flow:autosave", JSON.stringify(project)), wideProject);
+  await page.reload();
+  await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: /通用测试元件/ })).toBeVisible();
+  await page.locator('input[type="file"]').setInputFiles({ name: "newer-work.json",
+    mimeType: "application/json", buffer: Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(wideProject)) });
+  await expect.poll(() => page.evaluate(() => JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("system-simulation-flow:autosave")!).name)).toBe("newer-work");
+  await page.reload();
+  await expect(page.getByRole("button", { name: /通用测试元件/ })).toBeVisible();
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "恢复草稿", exact: true }).click();
+  await expect(projectNameField(page)).toHaveValue("newer-work");
+  await expect(page.locator(".flow-canvas .react-flow__node")).toHaveCount(4);
+});
+
+test("不能编码新版的工程不覆盖已有浏览器存档，也不下载旧格式", async ({ page }) => {
+  const storageKey = `system-simulation-flow:project:${wideProject.name}`;
+  await page.evaluate(({ key, project }) => localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(project)), { key: storageKey, project: wideProject });
+  const invalid = structuredClone(wideProject);
+  Object.assign(invalid.nodes[0].data.parameters, { obsolete: 1 });
+  await page.locator('input[type="file"]').setInputFiles({ name: `${wideProject.name}.json`,
+    mimeType: "application/json", buffer: Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(invalid)) });
+  await expandSimulationConsole(page);
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "保存工程", exact: true }).click();
+  await expect(page.getByRole("complementary", { name: "仿真控制台", exact: true })).toContainText("保存失败");
+  expect(await page.evaluate(key => JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(key)!), storageKey)).toEqual(wideProject);
+  const downloads: string[] = [];
+  page.on("download", download => downloads.push(download.suggestedFilename()));
+  await page.getByRole("button", { name: "导出工程 JSON", exact: true }).click();
+  await expect(page.getByRole("complementary", { name: "仿真控制台", exact: true })).toContainText("未生成旧格式文件");
+  expect(downloads).toEqual([]);
+});
+
 test("浏览器工程内容保留旧名称时，按存储名称连续加载仍能恢复工程", async ({
   page,
 }) => {

frontend/tests/e2e/runtime-check.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+import { expect, test } from "@playwright/test";
+import { expandSimulationConsole, prepareApp } from "./fixtures";
+
+const report = {
+  checkId: "backend-start-1", status: "running", stage: "compiling",
+  message: "正在编译最小自检程序", durationMs: 100,
+  compiler: "gcc", compilerVersion: "gcc test", sundialsRoot: "/native/sundials",
+  error: null, failure: null,
+};
+
+test("self-check progress does not block editing and completion is logged once", async ({ page }) => {
+  await prepareApp(page);
+  let completed = false;
+  let requests = 0;
+  await page.route("**/api/simulation/runtime-check", route => {
+    requests++;
+    return route.fulfill({ json: completed ? { ...report, status: "completed", stage: "complete",
+      message: "仿真环境自检通过：最小程序预处理、编译、链接和运行均成功", durationMs: 1250 } : report });
+  });
+  await page.goto("/");
+  await expandSimulationConsole(page);
+  const panel = page.getByRole("complementary", { name: "仿真控制台", exact: true });
+  await expect(panel).toContainText("正在检测仿真环境");
+  const name = page.getByRole("textbox", { name: "工程", exact: true });
+  await name.fill("检测期间仍可编辑");
+  await expect(name).toHaveValue("检测期间仍可编辑");
+  await expect.poll(() => requests).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(3);
+  await expect(panel.locator(".simulation-console-dock-entry-message").filter({ hasText: "正在检测仿真环境" })).toHaveCount(1);
+  completed = true;
+  await expect(panel).toContainText("仿真环境自检通过");
+  await expect(panel).toContainText("1.25 秒");
+  await page.evaluate(() => window.dispatchEvent(new Event("focus")));
+  await expect(panel.locator(".simulation-console-dock-entry-message").filter({ hasText: "仿真环境自检通过" })).toHaveCount(1);
+});
+
+test("link failure shows diagnostics and a backend restart reports recovery", async ({ page }) => {
+  await prepareApp(page);
+  let recovered = false;
+  await page.route("**/api/simulation/runtime-check", route => route.fulfill({ json: recovered
+    ? { ...report, checkId: "backend-start-2", status: "completed", stage: "complete", message: "仿真环境自检通过" }
+    : { ...report, status: "failed", stage: "linking", message: "仿真环境自检失败，编辑器仍可使用",
+      error: "命令执行失败", failure: { command: ["gcc", "check.o", "-o", "model"], cwd: "/native/check",
+        exitCode: 7, stderr: "cannot find library", stdout: "", errorType: "CalledProcessError" } } }));
+  await page.goto("/");
+  await expandSimulationConsole(page);
+  const panel = page.getByRole("complementary", { name: "仿真控制台", exact: true });
+  await expect(panel).toContainText("失败阶段：链接");
+  await expect(panel).toContainText("退出码：7");
+  await expect(panel).toContainText("cannot find library");
+  await expect(panel).toContainText('"gcc" "check.o" "-o" "model"');
+  await page.getByRole("textbox", { name: "工程", exact: true }).fill("失败后仍可编辑");
+  recovered = true;
+  await page.evaluate(() => window.dispatchEvent(new Event("focus")));
+  await expect(panel).toContainText("仿真环境自检通过");
+});
+
+test("backend unavailable at page load is retried without duplicate warnings", async ({ page }) => {
+  await prepareApp(page);
+  let available = false;
+  await page.route("**/api/simulation/runtime-check", route => available
+    ? route.fulfill({ json: { ...report, status: "completed", message: "仿真环境自检通过" } })
+    : route.fulfill({ status: 503 }));
+  await page.goto("/");
+  await expandSimulationConsole(page);
+  const panel = page.getByRole("complementary", { name: "仿真控制台", exact: true });
+  await expect(panel).toContainText("暂时无法获取仿真环境自检状态");
+  available = true;
+  await expect(panel).toContainText("仿真环境自检通过");
+});
+
+for (const finalStatus of ["completed", "failed"] as const) {
+  test(`automatic retries suppress diagnostics until ${finalStatus}`, async ({ page }) => {
+    await prepareApp(page);
+    let attempt = 1;
+    let finished = false;
+    const failure = { command: ["gcc", "check.c"], cwd: "/native/check", exitCode: 1,
+      stderr: "CreateProcess: No such file or directory", stdout: "", errorType: "CalledProcessError" };
+    await page.route("**/api/simulation/runtime-check", route => route.fulfill({ json: finished
+      ? { ...report, status: finalStatus, attempt: 6, stage: finalStatus === "failed" ? "preprocessing" : "complete",
+        message: finalStatus === "failed" ? "本次启动自检未通过：首次检测及 5 轮重试均失败；编辑器仍可使用"
+          : "本次启动自检通过，仿真环境可用（第 5 轮重试成功）",
+        error: finalStatus === "failed" ? "命令执行失败" : null, failure: finalStatus === "failed" ? failure : null }
+      : { ...report, status: "retrying", attempt, stage: "retry-wait", error: null, failure: null,
+        message: `本轮检测未通过，正在准备第 ${attempt}/5 轮重试（间隔 0.5 秒）；编辑器可正常使用` } }));
+    await page.goto("/");
+    await expandSimulationConsole(page);
+    const panel = page.getByRole("complementary", { name: "仿真控制台", exact: true });
+    await expect(panel).toContainText("第 1/5 轮重试");
+    await expect(panel).not.toContainText("退出码");
+    await expect(panel).not.toContainText("CreateProcess");
+    await page.getByRole("textbox", { name: "工程", exact: true }).fill("重试时继续编辑");
+    attempt = 2;
+    await expect(panel).toContainText("第 2/5 轮重试");
+    await expect(panel).not.toContainText("错误类型");
+    finished = true;
+    if (finalStatus === "completed") {
+      await expect(panel).toContainText("仿真环境可用（第 5 轮重试成功）");
+      await expect(panel).not.toContainText("CreateProcess");
+      await expect(panel.locator(".simulation-console-dock-entry.error")).toHaveCount(0);
+    } else {
+      await expect(panel).toContainText("首次检测及 5 轮重试均失败");
+      await expect(panel).toContainText("退出码：1");
+      await expect(panel).toContainText("CreateProcess: No such file or directory");
+      await expect(panel.locator(".simulation-console-dock-entry.error")).toHaveCount(1);
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+test("finished startup report stops timed polling and is refreshed on focus", async ({ page }) => {
+  await prepareApp(page);
+  await page.clock.install();
+  let requests = 0;
+  await page.route("**/api/simulation/runtime-check", route => {
+    requests++;
+    return route.fulfill({ json: { ...report, status: "completed", stage: "complete",
+      message: "本次启动自检通过，仿真环境可用" } });
+  });
+  await page.goto("/");
+  await expandSimulationConsole(page);
+  const panel = page.getByRole("complementary", { name: "仿真控制台", exact: true });
+  await expect(panel).toContainText("本次启动自检通过");
+  const completedRequests = requests;
+  await page.clock.runFor(31000);
+  expect(requests).toBe(completedRequests);
+  await page.evaluate(() => window.dispatchEvent(new Event("focus")));
+  await expect.poll(() => requests).toBe(completedRequests + 1);
+});