669 lines
25 KiB
Python
669 lines
25 KiB
Python
from __future__ import annotations
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from dataclasses import dataclass, field
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from typing import Callable
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from PythonModels.components.cylinder import Cylinder
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from PythonModels.components.orifice import Orifice
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from PythonModels.components.pipe import Pipe
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from PythonModels.components.tank import Tank
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from PythonModels.components.tee import Tee
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from PythonModels.core.medium import IdealGasMedium, ThermodynamicProperties
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from PythonModels.core.state import VolumeState
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@dataclass(frozen=True)
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class BranchInletFlowDiagnostics:
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converged: bool
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iterations: int
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residual: float
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m_flow: float
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inlet_pressure: float
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@dataclass(frozen=True)
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class DownstreamPressureDiagnostics:
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converged: bool
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iterations: int
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residual: float
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pressure: float
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target_total_internal_energy: float
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@dataclass(frozen=True)
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class TestModelSolveDiagnostics:
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upper_branch_inlet: BranchInletFlowDiagnostics
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lower_branch_inlet: BranchInletFlowDiagnostics
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downstream_pressure_projection: DownstreamPressureDiagnostics | None
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@dataclass(frozen=True)
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class BranchClosureComponents:
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name: str
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orifice: Orifice
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pipe: Pipe
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@dataclass(frozen=True)
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class BranchClosureState:
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name: str
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pipe: ThermodynamicProperties
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inlet_flow: float
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outlet_flow: float
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inlet_h: float
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inlet_flow_diagnostics: BranchInletFlowDiagnostics
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@dataclass(frozen=True)
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class BranchSnapshot:
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name: str
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pipe: ThermodynamicProperties
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inlet_flow: float
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outlet_flow: float
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inlet_h: float
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inlet_flow_diagnostics: BranchInletFlowDiagnostics
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@dataclass(frozen=True)
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class TestModelSnapshot:
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cylinder: ThermodynamicProperties
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tank: ThermodynamicProperties
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tee_upstream_h: float
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tee_downstream_h: float
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branches: tuple[BranchSnapshot, ...] = field(default_factory=tuple)
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solve_diagnostics: TestModelSolveDiagnostics | None = None
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@property
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def pipe_upper(self) -> ThermodynamicProperties:
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return self.branches[0].pipe
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@property
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def pipe_lower(self) -> ThermodynamicProperties:
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return self.branches[1].pipe
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@property
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def branch_inlet_flows(self) -> tuple[float, ...]:
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return tuple(branch.inlet_flow for branch in self.branches)
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@property
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def branch_outlet_flows(self) -> tuple[float, ...]:
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return tuple(branch.outlet_flow for branch in self.branches)
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@dataclass(frozen=True)
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class InitializationDiagnostics:
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converged: bool
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iterations: int
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max_state_delta: float
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max_flow_delta: float
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max_enthalpy_delta: float
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downstream_pressure_spread: float
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state_vector: tuple[float, ...]
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@dataclass(frozen=True)
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class TestModelClosureComponents:
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cylinder: Cylinder
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upstream_tee: Tee
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upper_branch: BranchClosureComponents
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lower_branch: BranchClosureComponents
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downstream_tee: Tee
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tank: Tank
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def branches(self) -> tuple[BranchClosureComponents, BranchClosureComponents]:
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return (self.upper_branch, self.lower_branch)
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class TestModelClosure:
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"""Owns Testmodel-specific closure, projection and port-writeback logic."""
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def __init__(
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self,
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*,
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medium: IdealGasMedium,
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components: TestModelClosureComponents,
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initial_state_vector: Callable[[], list[float]],
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apply_state_vector: Callable[[list[float]], None],
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) -> None:
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self.medium = medium
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self.components = components
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self._initial_state_vector = initial_state_vector
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self._apply_state_vector = apply_state_vector
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self.last_solve_diagnostics: TestModelSolveDiagnostics | None = None
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self.last_downstream_pressure_diagnostics: DownstreamPressureDiagnostics | None = None
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@staticmethod
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def _downstream_pressure_spread(snapshot: TestModelSnapshot) -> float:
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downstream_pressures = tuple(branch.pipe.p for branch in snapshot.branches) + (
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snapshot.tank.p,
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)
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return max(downstream_pressures) - min(downstream_pressures)
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@staticmethod
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def _initialization_flow_delta(
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previous_snapshot: TestModelSnapshot | None,
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current_snapshot: TestModelSnapshot,
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) -> float:
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if previous_snapshot is None:
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return max(abs(branch.outlet_flow) for branch in current_snapshot.branches)
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return max(
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abs(curr - prev)
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for curr, prev in zip(
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current_snapshot.branch_outlet_flows,
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previous_snapshot.branch_outlet_flows,
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)
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)
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@staticmethod
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def _initialization_enthalpy_delta(
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previous_snapshot: TestModelSnapshot | None,
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current_snapshot: TestModelSnapshot,
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) -> float:
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if previous_snapshot is None:
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return abs(current_snapshot.tee_downstream_h - current_snapshot.tank.h)
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return max(
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abs(current_snapshot.tee_upstream_h - previous_snapshot.tee_upstream_h),
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abs(current_snapshot.tee_downstream_h - previous_snapshot.tee_downstream_h),
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)
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def consistent_initial_state_vector(self) -> list[float]:
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return list(self.initialize_consistent_state().state_vector)
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def initialize_consistent_state(
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self,
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max_iterations: int = 12,
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state_tolerance: float = 1e-9,
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flow_tolerance: float = 1e-9,
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enthalpy_tolerance: float = 1e-6,
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pressure_tolerance: float = 1e-6,
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strict_internal_solvers: bool = False,
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) -> InitializationDiagnostics:
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raw_state = self._initial_state_vector()
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previous_snapshot: TestModelSnapshot | None = None
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diagnostics: InitializationDiagnostics | None = None
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for iteration in range(1, max_iterations + 1):
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state_before_projection = self._initial_state_vector()
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self.snapshot(state_before_projection, strict=strict_internal_solvers)
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self.project_downstream_pressure_constraints(strict=strict_internal_solvers)
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state_after_projection = self._initial_state_vector()
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snapshot_after_projection = self.snapshot(
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state_after_projection,
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strict=strict_internal_solvers,
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)
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max_state_delta = max(
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abs(after - before)
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for before, after in zip(state_before_projection, state_after_projection)
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)
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max_flow_delta = self._initialization_flow_delta(
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previous_snapshot,
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snapshot_after_projection,
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)
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max_enthalpy_delta = self._initialization_enthalpy_delta(
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previous_snapshot,
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snapshot_after_projection,
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)
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downstream_pressure_spread = self._downstream_pressure_spread(
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snapshot_after_projection,
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)
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diagnostics = InitializationDiagnostics(
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converged=(
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max_state_delta <= state_tolerance
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and max_flow_delta <= flow_tolerance
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and max_enthalpy_delta <= enthalpy_tolerance
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and downstream_pressure_spread <= pressure_tolerance
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),
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iterations=iteration,
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max_state_delta=max_state_delta,
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max_flow_delta=max_flow_delta,
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max_enthalpy_delta=max_enthalpy_delta,
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downstream_pressure_spread=downstream_pressure_spread,
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state_vector=tuple(state_after_projection),
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)
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previous_snapshot = snapshot_after_projection
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if diagnostics.converged:
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self._apply_state_vector(raw_state)
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return diagnostics
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assert diagnostics is not None
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self._apply_state_vector(raw_state)
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return diagnostics
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def _solve_branch_inlet_flow(
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self,
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orifice: Orifice,
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pipe: Pipe,
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p_upstream: float,
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pipe_props: ThermodynamicProperties,
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*,
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strict: bool = False,
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) -> tuple[float, BranchInletFlowDiagnostics]:
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m_flow = orifice.mass_flow(p_upstream, pipe_props.p)
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rho = max(pipe_props.rho, 1e-9)
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p_inlet = pipe.inlet_pressure(m_flow, rho, pipe_props.p)
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residual = abs(orifice.mass_flow(p_upstream, p_inlet) - m_flow)
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converged = False
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iterations = 0
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for iteration in range(1, 9):
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p_inlet = pipe.inlet_pressure(m_flow, rho, pipe_props.p)
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next_m_flow = orifice.mass_flow(p_upstream, p_inlet)
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residual = abs(next_m_flow - m_flow)
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iterations = iteration
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if residual <= 1e-9 * max(1.0, abs(next_m_flow)):
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m_flow = next_m_flow
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converged = True
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break
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m_flow = next_m_flow
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diagnostics = BranchInletFlowDiagnostics(
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converged=converged,
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iterations=iterations,
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residual=residual,
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m_flow=m_flow,
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inlet_pressure=p_inlet,
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)
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if strict and not diagnostics.converged:
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raise RuntimeError(
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f"Branch inlet flow solve did not converge for {pipe.name}: residual={residual:.6e}"
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)
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return m_flow, diagnostics
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def _solve_downstream_branch_flows(
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self,
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cylinder: ThermodynamicProperties,
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tank: ThermodynamicProperties,
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branch_states: tuple[BranchClosureState, BranchClosureState],
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) -> tuple[float, float]:
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return self._solve_downstream_branch_flows_from_state(
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inlet_h_upper=branch_states[0].inlet_h,
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inlet_h_lower=branch_states[1].inlet_h,
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pipe_upper_h=max(branch_states[0].pipe.h, 1e-9),
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pipe_lower_h=max(branch_states[1].pipe.h, 1e-9),
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tank_h=max(tank.h, 1e-9),
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q_in_upper=branch_states[0].inlet_flow,
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q_in_lower=branch_states[1].inlet_flow,
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)
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def _project_volume_energy_to_pressure(
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self,
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component: Pipe | Tank,
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target_pressure: float,
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) -> None:
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target_temperature = target_pressure * component.V / (
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max(component.state.m, 1e-12) * self.medium.R_gas
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)
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target_internal_energy = (
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component.state.m * self.medium.specific_internal_energy(target_temperature)
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)
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component.state = VolumeState(m=component.state.m, U=target_internal_energy)
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def _downstream_total_internal_energy_for_pressure(
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self,
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target_pressure: float,
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downstream_components: tuple[Pipe | Tank, ...],
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) -> float:
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total_internal_energy = 0.0
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for component in downstream_components:
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target_temperature = target_pressure * component.V / (
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max(component.state.m, 1e-12) * self.medium.R_gas
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)
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total_internal_energy += (
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component.state.m * self.medium.specific_internal_energy(target_temperature)
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)
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return total_internal_energy
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def _solve_downstream_common_pressure(
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self,
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downstream_components: tuple[Pipe | Tank, ...],
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target_total_internal_energy: float,
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*,
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strict: bool = False,
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) -> tuple[float, DownstreamPressureDiagnostics]:
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lower_pressure = 1.0
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upper_pressure = max(component.properties().p for component in downstream_components)
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upper_pressure = max(upper_pressure, 1e5)
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def residual(pressure: float) -> float:
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return (
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self._downstream_total_internal_energy_for_pressure(
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pressure,
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downstream_components,
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)
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- target_total_internal_energy
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)
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upper_residual = residual(upper_pressure)
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iteration_count = 0
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while upper_residual < 0.0:
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upper_pressure *= 2.0
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upper_residual = residual(upper_pressure)
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final_pressure = 0.5 * (lower_pressure + upper_pressure)
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final_residual = residual(final_pressure)
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converged = False
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for iteration in range(1, 81):
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middle_pressure = 0.5 * (lower_pressure + upper_pressure)
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middle_residual = residual(middle_pressure)
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iteration_count = iteration
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final_pressure = middle_pressure
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final_residual = middle_residual
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if abs(middle_residual) <= 1e-12 * max(1.0, target_total_internal_energy):
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converged = True
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break
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if middle_residual > 0.0:
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upper_pressure = middle_pressure
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else:
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lower_pressure = middle_pressure
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diagnostics = DownstreamPressureDiagnostics(
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converged=converged,
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iterations=iteration_count,
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residual=final_residual,
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pressure=final_pressure,
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target_total_internal_energy=target_total_internal_energy,
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)
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if strict and not diagnostics.converged:
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raise RuntimeError(
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"Downstream common-pressure solve did not converge: "
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f"residual={final_residual:.6e}"
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)
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return final_pressure, diagnostics
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def project_downstream_pressure_constraints(self, *, strict: bool = False) -> None:
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downstream_components = (
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self.components.upper_branch.pipe,
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self.components.lower_branch.pipe,
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self.components.tank,
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)
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total_internal_energy = sum(component.state.U for component in downstream_components)
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common_pressure, diagnostics = self._solve_downstream_common_pressure(
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downstream_components,
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total_internal_energy,
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strict=strict,
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)
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self.last_downstream_pressure_diagnostics = diagnostics
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for component in downstream_components:
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self._project_volume_energy_to_pressure(component, common_pressure)
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def _downstream_connection_enthalpy(
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self,
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q_out_upper: float,
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q_out_lower: float,
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pipe_upper_h: float,
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pipe_lower_h: float,
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tank_h: float,
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) -> float:
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return self.components.downstream_tee.inlet_stream_enthalpy(
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q_out_lower,
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pipe_lower_h,
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q_out_upper,
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pipe_upper_h,
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fallback_h=tank_h,
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)
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def _solve_downstream_branch_flows_from_state(
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self,
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*,
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inlet_h_upper: float,
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inlet_h_lower: float,
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pipe_upper_h: float,
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pipe_lower_h: float,
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tank_h: float,
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q_in_upper: float,
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q_in_lower: float,
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) -> tuple[float, float]:
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return self.components.downstream_tee.solve_branch_outlet_flows_from_energy_balance(
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ratio_branch1=self.components.upper_branch.pipe.V / self.components.tank.V,
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ratio_branch2=self.components.lower_branch.pipe.V / self.components.tank.V,
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inlet_h_branch1=inlet_h_upper,
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inlet_h_branch2=inlet_h_lower,
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branch1_h=pipe_upper_h,
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branch2_h=pipe_lower_h,
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inlet_h=tank_h,
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q_in_branch1=q_in_upper,
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q_in_branch2=q_in_lower,
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)
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def _evaluate_branch_states(
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self,
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cylinder: ThermodynamicProperties,
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) -> tuple[BranchClosureState, BranchClosureState]:
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states: list[BranchClosureState] = []
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for branch in self.components.branches():
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pipe_properties = branch.pipe.properties()
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inlet_flow, inlet_flow_diagnostics = self._solve_branch_inlet_flow(
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branch.orifice,
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branch.pipe,
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cylinder.p,
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pipe_properties,
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)
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inlet_h = branch.pipe.port_a_inlet_enthalpy(
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port_a_m_flow=inlet_flow,
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connected_h=cylinder.h,
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internal_h=pipe_properties.h,
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)
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states.append(
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BranchClosureState(
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name=branch.name,
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pipe=pipe_properties,
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inlet_flow=inlet_flow,
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outlet_flow=0.0,
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inlet_h=inlet_h,
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inlet_flow_diagnostics=inlet_flow_diagnostics,
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)
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)
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return (states[0], states[1])
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|
|
@staticmethod
|
|
def _with_branch_outlet_flows(
|
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branch_states: tuple[BranchClosureState, BranchClosureState],
|
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outlet_flows: tuple[float, float],
|
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) -> tuple[BranchClosureState, BranchClosureState]:
|
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return (
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BranchClosureState(
|
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name=branch_states[0].name,
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pipe=branch_states[0].pipe,
|
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inlet_flow=branch_states[0].inlet_flow,
|
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outlet_flow=outlet_flows[0],
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inlet_h=branch_states[0].inlet_h,
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inlet_flow_diagnostics=branch_states[0].inlet_flow_diagnostics,
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),
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BranchClosureState(
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name=branch_states[1].name,
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pipe=branch_states[1].pipe,
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inlet_flow=branch_states[1].inlet_flow,
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outlet_flow=outlet_flows[1],
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inlet_h=branch_states[1].inlet_h,
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inlet_flow_diagnostics=branch_states[1].inlet_flow_diagnostics,
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),
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)
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|
|
@staticmethod
|
|
def _branch_snapshots(
|
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branch_states: tuple[BranchClosureState, BranchClosureState],
|
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) -> tuple[BranchSnapshot, BranchSnapshot]:
|
|
return (
|
|
BranchSnapshot(
|
|
name=branch_states[0].name,
|
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pipe=branch_states[0].pipe,
|
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inlet_flow=branch_states[0].inlet_flow,
|
|
outlet_flow=branch_states[0].outlet_flow,
|
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inlet_h=branch_states[0].inlet_h,
|
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inlet_flow_diagnostics=branch_states[0].inlet_flow_diagnostics,
|
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),
|
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BranchSnapshot(
|
|
name=branch_states[1].name,
|
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pipe=branch_states[1].pipe,
|
|
inlet_flow=branch_states[1].inlet_flow,
|
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outlet_flow=branch_states[1].outlet_flow,
|
|
inlet_h=branch_states[1].inlet_h,
|
|
inlet_flow_diagnostics=branch_states[1].inlet_flow_diagnostics,
|
|
),
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def snapshot(
|
|
self,
|
|
state_vector: list[float] | None = None,
|
|
*,
|
|
strict: bool = False,
|
|
) -> TestModelSnapshot:
|
|
if state_vector is not None:
|
|
self._apply_state_vector(list(state_vector))
|
|
|
|
cylinder = self.components.cylinder.properties()
|
|
tank = self.components.tank.properties()
|
|
branch_states = self._evaluate_branch_states(cylinder)
|
|
if strict:
|
|
for branch_state in branch_states:
|
|
if not branch_state.inlet_flow_diagnostics.converged:
|
|
raise RuntimeError(
|
|
"Branch inlet flow solve did not converge for "
|
|
f"{branch_state.name}: residual="
|
|
f"{branch_state.inlet_flow_diagnostics.residual:.6e}"
|
|
)
|
|
outlet_flows = self._solve_downstream_branch_flows(cylinder, tank, branch_states)
|
|
branch_states = self._with_branch_outlet_flows(branch_states, outlet_flows)
|
|
|
|
tee_upstream_h = self.components.upstream_tee.inlet_stream_enthalpy(
|
|
-branch_states[0].inlet_flow,
|
|
branch_states[0].pipe.h,
|
|
-branch_states[1].inlet_flow,
|
|
branch_states[1].pipe.h,
|
|
fallback_h=cylinder.h,
|
|
)
|
|
tee_downstream_h = self._downstream_connection_enthalpy(
|
|
branch_states[0].outlet_flow,
|
|
branch_states[1].outlet_flow,
|
|
branch_states[0].pipe.h,
|
|
branch_states[1].pipe.h,
|
|
tank.h,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
self._write_port_states(
|
|
cylinder,
|
|
tank,
|
|
branch_states,
|
|
tee_upstream_h,
|
|
tee_downstream_h,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
solve_diagnostics = TestModelSolveDiagnostics(
|
|
upper_branch_inlet=branch_states[0].inlet_flow_diagnostics,
|
|
lower_branch_inlet=branch_states[1].inlet_flow_diagnostics,
|
|
downstream_pressure_projection=self.last_downstream_pressure_diagnostics,
|
|
)
|
|
self.last_solve_diagnostics = solve_diagnostics
|
|
branch_snapshots = self._branch_snapshots(branch_states)
|
|
|
|
return TestModelSnapshot(
|
|
cylinder=cylinder,
|
|
tank=tank,
|
|
tee_upstream_h=tee_upstream_h,
|
|
tee_downstream_h=tee_downstream_h,
|
|
branches=branch_snapshots,
|
|
solve_diagnostics=solve_diagnostics,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def _write_port_states(
|
|
self,
|
|
cylinder: ThermodynamicProperties,
|
|
tank: ThermodynamicProperties,
|
|
branch_states: tuple[BranchClosureState, BranchClosureState],
|
|
tee_upstream_h: float,
|
|
tee_downstream_h: float,
|
|
) -> None:
|
|
cylinder_m_flow = -sum(branch_state.inlet_flow for branch_state in branch_states)
|
|
tank_m_flow = sum(branch_state.outlet_flow for branch_state in branch_states)
|
|
|
|
self.components.cylinder.port_b.m_flow = cylinder_m_flow
|
|
|
|
self.components.upstream_tee.port_in.p = cylinder.p
|
|
self.components.upstream_tee.port_out1.p = cylinder.p
|
|
self.components.upstream_tee.port_out2.p = cylinder.p
|
|
self.components.upstream_tee.port_in.m_flow = cylinder_m_flow
|
|
self.components.upstream_tee.port_in.h_outflow = tee_upstream_h
|
|
self.components.upstream_tee.port_out1.h_outflow = cylinder.h
|
|
self.components.upstream_tee.port_out2.h_outflow = cylinder.h
|
|
self.components.upstream_tee.port_out1.m_flow = -branch_states[0].inlet_flow
|
|
self.components.upstream_tee.port_out2.m_flow = -branch_states[1].inlet_flow
|
|
|
|
for branch_components, branch_state in zip(self.components.branches(), branch_states):
|
|
branch_components.orifice.port_a.p = cylinder.p
|
|
branch_components.orifice.port_b.p = branch_components.pipe.inlet_pressure(
|
|
branch_state.inlet_flow,
|
|
max(branch_state.pipe.rho, 1e-9),
|
|
branch_state.pipe.p,
|
|
)
|
|
branch_components.orifice.port_a.m_flow = branch_state.inlet_flow
|
|
branch_components.orifice.port_b.m_flow = -branch_state.inlet_flow
|
|
branch_components.orifice.port_a.h_outflow = cylinder.h
|
|
branch_components.orifice.port_b.h_outflow = branch_state.pipe.h
|
|
|
|
branch_components.pipe.port_a.p = branch_components.orifice.port_b.p
|
|
branch_components.pipe.port_a.m_flow = branch_state.inlet_flow
|
|
branch_components.pipe.port_b.m_flow = -branch_state.outlet_flow
|
|
branch_components.pipe.port_b.p = branch_state.pipe.p
|
|
|
|
self.components.downstream_tee.port_in.p = tank.p
|
|
self.components.downstream_tee.port_out1.p = tank.p
|
|
self.components.downstream_tee.port_out2.p = tank.p
|
|
self.components.downstream_tee.port_in.m_flow = -tank_m_flow
|
|
self.components.downstream_tee.port_out1.m_flow = branch_states[1].outlet_flow
|
|
self.components.downstream_tee.port_out2.m_flow = branch_states[0].outlet_flow
|
|
self.components.downstream_tee.port_in.h_outflow = tee_downstream_h
|
|
self.components.downstream_tee.port_out1.h_outflow = tank.h
|
|
self.components.downstream_tee.port_out2.h_outflow = tank.h
|
|
|
|
self.components.tank.port_a.m_flow = tank_m_flow
|
|
|
|
def _branch_derivative_states(
|
|
self,
|
|
snapshot: TestModelSnapshot,
|
|
) -> tuple[VolumeState, VolumeState]:
|
|
derivative_states: list[VolumeState] = []
|
|
for branch_components, branch_snapshot in zip(self.components.branches(), snapshot.branches):
|
|
derivative_states.append(
|
|
branch_components.pipe.derivatives_from_connections(
|
|
port_a_m_flow=branch_snapshot.inlet_flow,
|
|
connected_h_a=snapshot.cylinder.h,
|
|
port_b_m_flow=-branch_snapshot.outlet_flow,
|
|
connected_h_b=snapshot.tank.h,
|
|
internal_h=branch_snapshot.pipe.h,
|
|
)
|
|
)
|
|
return (derivative_states[0], derivative_states[1])
|
|
|
|
def rhs(self, state_vector: list[float]) -> list[float]:
|
|
snapshot = self.snapshot(state_vector)
|
|
|
|
cylinder_m_flow = -sum(branch.inlet_flow for branch in snapshot.branches)
|
|
tank_m_flow = sum(branch.outlet_flow for branch in snapshot.branches)
|
|
d_cylinder = self.components.cylinder.derivatives_from_connection(
|
|
connected_h=snapshot.tee_upstream_h,
|
|
port_m_flow=cylinder_m_flow,
|
|
internal_h=snapshot.cylinder.h,
|
|
)
|
|
branch_derivatives = self._branch_derivative_states(snapshot)
|
|
d_tank = self.components.tank.derivatives_from_connection(
|
|
connected_h=snapshot.tee_downstream_h,
|
|
port_m_flow=tank_m_flow,
|
|
internal_h=snapshot.tank.h,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
return [
|
|
d_cylinder.m,
|
|
d_cylinder.U,
|
|
branch_derivatives[0].m,
|
|
branch_derivatives[0].U,
|
|
branch_derivatives[1].m,
|
|
branch_derivatives[1].U,
|
|
d_tank.m,
|
|
d_tank.U,
|
|
]
|